This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing part of corn with oat (regular and autoclaved) and supplementing diets with the active dry yeast Saccharomyces boulardii on the productive performance, egg quality, and blood biochemical parameters of laying hens. A total of 192 Lohmann LSL-Lite hens, 36 weeks of age, were used in a completely randomized design with six dietary treatments and eight replicates, each containing three birds. Although the experimental period was originally planned for ten weeks, due to war-related constraints and management limitations, data collection was completed after six weeks. The experimental treatments included: (1) a basal diet without oat and without yeast (control), (2) basal diet with yeast, (3) diet with regular oat without yeast, (4) diet with regular oat and yeast, (5) diet with autoclaved oat without yeast, and (6) diet with autoclaved oat and yeast. In the oat-containing diets, 22% of the corn (on a dry matter basis) was replaced by oat. The yeast product used was S. boulardii (Parsylact Co., Iran) containing a minimum concentration of 3×10¹? CFU/g. Results showed that dietary inclusion of autoclaved oat and yeast significantly (P<0.05) improved egg production, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio compared to the control group. The highest production rate and the best feed efficiency were observed in hens fed diets containing autoclaved oat combined with yeast. Egg internal quality indices, including Haugh unit and albumen height, were significantly improved by these treatments, while eggshell thickness and egg weight were not affected. Moreover, hens receiving autoclaved oat and yeast exhibited lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared with the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, replacing 22% of corn with autoclaved oat, along with supplementation of Saccharomyces boulardii

  The purpose of this

® contain amino form of chromium, selenium, zinc, manganese, copper, iron and cobalt) supplementation on production performance and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred and eighty LSL-Lite laying hens (30 weeks of age) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments with six replicates and six birds in each replicate. Treatments consisted of a basal diet supplemented with inorganic trace minerals (control), and four others experimental diets containing 1.25, 2.50, 3.75, and 5.00 gr/kg of HeptaMix®. Egg production, egg weight, feed intake, egg mass and feed conversion ratio were recorded weekly. Egg mass was calculated by multiplying the total number of eggs laid per hens by the average egg weight. A sample of two eggs per replicatio  at the end of every 28 day laying cycle was used to determine internal and external egg qualities.  The data were analyzed using the general linear model procedure of the SAS (2003). The Duncan multiple range test was used to determine the significant differences between treatment means. The results showed that feeding HeptaMix® did not affect the feed intake, egg production, FCR, egg weight and egg mass (P>0.05).   Shape index, yolk color and egg specific gravity were not affected by dietary treatments (P>0.05). Albumen height and haugh unit was decreased in the treatments receiving HeptaMix® than the control group (P<0.05). Yolk weight was increased and albumen weight was decreased in the treatments receiving HeptaMix® (P<0.05). Supplementation of 3.75 and 5.00 gr/kg HeptaMix® to diet significantly increased the shell weight and shell thickness (P<0.05). The current findings provided support for the advantages of feeding 3.75 or 5.00 gr/kg HeptaMix®

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental nutrition on organic and vitamin A in corn and soy based diets on production performance and quality characteristics of laying hens. For this purpose, 360 commercial laying hens of Bones strain at the age of 60 weeks were used. Production and functional traits such as feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg production percentage, egg mass and average egg weight (g) In the middle of the period, the end of the period and the whole period of the experimental design were analyzed. Specific weight, egg shape index, shell weight and shell thickness were measured. The data obtained were analyzed using GMP statistical software in a completely randomized factorial design that included 12 treatments and 5 repetition and 6 observations per repetition. Based on the results, the percentage of egg production at the levels of interaction of zinc and vitamin A in the first month, the second month and the whole period were significant (P?0.05), but egg mass among the experimental treatments in the first month, the second month and the whole period was not different from each other (P?0.05). The interaction of different levels of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on yolk weight and shell weight was significant, so that treatments containing 8000 units of vitamin A with levels of 60, 90 or 120 mg / kg of organic zinc supplementation had a higher yolk weight than control and the treatment containing 8000 units of vitamin A and 120 mg / kg zinc (treatment 9) had higher shell weight (P 05 0.05). Significant changes were observed in the intraction levels of zinc and vitamin A in yolk (P?0.05). And treatments 4, 7 and 12 had the better yolk color. Levels of 90 and 120 mg of zinc compared to the level of 60 mg reduced feed consumption and improved the feed conversion ratio (P? 0.05). Different treatments had significant effects on egg shell thickness and egg weight (P <0.05). The results of this study showed that the use of zinc supplementation in the diet of laying hens at the levels of 90 and 120 mg of zinc and vitamin A at the level of 16000 units can have positive effects on their performance and egg production.   

اين ازمايش به منظور ارزيابي تأثير كمپلكس آلي روي، منگنز، آهن، مس، كروم و كبالت بر عملكردتوليدي وفرآسنجه­هاي خوني جوجه­هاي گوشتي در يك دوره 42 روزه انجام شد.آزمايش در قالب طرح كاملا ًتصادفي با 3 تيمار و 6   تكرار و 12 پرنده در هر واحد آزمايشي طراحي و اجرا شد. تيمارهاي آزمايشي عبارتنداز: تيمار اول: گروه كنترل (بدون افزودن مكمل، تيمار شاهد)، تيمار دوم: افزودن كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 1گرم در كيلوگرم، تيمار سوم: افزودن كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 5/1گرم در كيلوگرم. نتايج نشان داد كه افزودن كمپلكس آليبر عملكرد (خوراك مصرفي، افزايش وزن روزانه و ضريب تبديل خوراك) جوجه­هاي گوشتي در سه دوره استارتر(1-10)، رشد (24-11) و پاياني (42-25) روزگي از لحاظ آماري تأثير معني­داري نداشته است (05/0<P). تاثير تيمارهاي آزمايشي در بين فرآسنجه­هاي خوني بر كلسترول و آلكالين فسفاتاز معني­دار شدند (05/0>P). ضمن اينكه غلظت گلوكز و تري­گليسريد نيز تمايل به معني­داري داشتند. غلظت كلسترول وآلكالين فسفاتاز، در تيمار حاوي كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 1 گرم در كيلوگرم با گروه كنترل اختلاف معني­داري داشت، بنابراين تيمار كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 1 گرم در كيلوگرم باعث كاهش معني­دارغلظت كلسترول وآلكالين فسفاتاز در مقايسه با گروه كنترل شد. تاثير تيمارهاي آزمايشي بر قابليت هضم مواد معدني آهن، مس، منگنز، روي، كبالت و كروم نشان داد كه بر آهن، منگنز، كبالت و كروم تاثير معني­داري داشت (05/0>P). نتايج نشان داد كه تيمارهاي حاوي كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 1 گرم در كيلوگرم و كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 5/1گرم در كيلوگرم باعث كاهش معني­دار قابليت هضم آهن و كبالت در مقايسه با گروه كنترل شد. در حاليكه تيمار متعلق به كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 1 گرم در كيلوگرم بر قابليت هضم منگنز با گروه كنترل تفاوت معني­داري داشت. علاوه بر اين، تيمار كمپلكس آلي به مقدار 5/1گرم در كيلوگرم بر قابليت هضم كروم با گروه كنترل اختلاف معني­داري داشت و باعث افزايش قابليت هضم كروم در مقايسه با گروه كنترل شد. اين پژوهش نشان داد كه استفاده از كمپلكس آلي بر افزايش وزن بدن، مصرف خوراك و ضريب تبديل خوراك تاثير معني­داري نداشت. اما باعث كاهش سطح كلسترول و آلكالين فسفاتاز و همچنين كاهش قابليت هضم آهن و كبالت و منگنز شد، و باعث افزايش قابليت هضم كروم شد.   

(P?0.05).   

چكيده:    اين پژوهش به منظور بررسي عوامل مؤثر بر افزايش بهره وري توليد مرغ مرغداريهاي گوشتي استان   و راهكارهاي بهبود آن به اجرا درآمد. روش تحقيق در نظرگرفته شده براي انجام اين پژوهش، روش   تحقيق پيمايشي و از طريق نمونه گيري بود. به اين ترتيب از ميان جامعه مورد پژوهش(جامعه مرغداران گوشتي استان كرمانشاه)   تعداد70 واحد   با ظرفيتهاي مختلف به روش نمونه گيري خوشه اي طبقه بندي شده انتخاب گرديد و از آنها ، پرسشنامه اي بصورت حضوري حاوي اطلاعات كليه هزينه ها، درآمدها وخصوصيات مديريتي واحد پرورش تكميل شد. با استناد به اطلاعات جمع آوري شده، بهره وري متوسط يا ميزان بدست آوردن ستاده (محصول) به ازاي واحد داده ، بهره وري نهائي يا مقداري كه هر واحد عامل ورودي (داده) به ستاده كل اضافه ميكند وبهره وري كل عوامل توليد بدست آمد. نتايج حاصل از مطالعه جاري نشان دادكه هزينه دان، هزينه اصلي مرغداريها و در حدود 94 درصد از كل هزينه مرغداري ها را سه هزينه دان، خدمات بهداشت و درمان و خريد و حمل جوجه تشكيل مي دهند و واحدهاي پرورشي از نظر نوع و نحوه استفاده از وسايل گرمايشي در وضعيت نامطلوب اقتصادي قرار دارند. همچنين از انواع داروها و واكسنها بيش از حد مطلوب اقتصادي استفاده شده است و بنابراين بهره وري استفاده از اين نهاده در سطوح پاييني قرار دارد. ساير نتايج نشان داد كه هزينه مصرف دان بر بهره وري توليد واحدهاي پرورش مرغ گوشتي تأثير مثبت، معني دار و   با ضريب اهميت بالايي دارد و هزينه استفاده از اين نهاده در بين اكثر مرغداريها كمتر از حدمطلوب اقتصادي است. بررسي ضريب تبديل غذايي   در بين مرغداريهاي جمعيت نمونه نشان داد كه تنها 17 درصد مرغداريها در وضعيت ايده آل قرار دارند، 47 درصد در وضعيت نسبتا مطلوب و حدود28 درصد در وضعيت نامطلوب قرار دارند. بررسي وضعيت تلفات در هفته اول پرورش و در كل دوره نشان داد كه عمده تلفات از هفته اول به بعد اتفاق افتاده است، نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد در اكثر مرغداريها استفاده از نهاده نيروي كار در حد كمتر از ميزان مطلوب اقتصادي بوده است.    واژه هاي كليدي: بهره وري ، مرغداري گوشتي، استان كرمانشاه   

This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of different levels of the amino acid arginine and the element nano-selenium on the production traits, carcass components and safety of broilers. Therefore, 810 one-day-old broiler chickens of Ross strain were tested by factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 9 treatments, 6 replications and 15 chickens. Experimental treatments including control treatment without additives, the second treatment containing 0.45 mg of arginine, the third treatment containing 0.9 mg of arginine, the fourth treatment containing 0.3 mg of nano-sellenium, the fifth treatment containing 0.45 mg of nano selenium, the sixth treatment Containing 0.3 and 0.45 mg nano selenium and arginine, the seventh treatment contains 0.3 and 0.9 mg nano selenium and arginine, the eighth treatment contains 0.45 and 0.45 mg nano selenium and arginine and the ninth treatment They contained 0.45 and 0.9 mg of nano selenium and arginine. The breeding period was 35 days. Weight gain and feed intake were also recorded weekly and feed conversion ratio was also calculated. On day 35, physiological reagents including albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose as well as blood enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde and blood safety were evaluated. Chickens were then slaughtered and their carcass components and weight were measured. The mean interaction of broiler chickens and also the weight of chickens receiving arginine and nano-selenium up to three weeks did not show a significant difference (P> 0.05). The interaction of these treatments was significant in the fourth and fifth weeks of the experiment (P <0.05). Weekly weight gain as well as final weight gain of broilers showed that there was no significant difference in the interaction of arginine and nano-selenium levels by three weeks (P <0.05). The mean of weight gain interactions in the fourth and fifth weeks as well as the whole period showed a significant difference (P <0.05). The mean of feed interactions of broiler chickens except the first week (P <0.05) in all experimental weeks and also in the whole period was affected      

   Abstract    This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented camelina meal on performance and digestibility in broilers. A total of 420 broilers were randomly assigned to 7 treatments with 6 replicates and 10 replicates per replicate in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments included control (based on soybean meal) and 5, 10 and 15% treatments of replacing raw camelina or fermented soybean meal in the diet. The chicks of all groups received the ration at the end of the first week of each treatment. The results of this experiment showed that at the end of the feed weight gain and feed conversion ratio and feed intake as well as protein digestibility in the fermented treatments, especially 15% compared to the non fermented ones. There was a significant difference (P <0.01), therefore, with regard to the positive effects of fermented camelina meal on broiler digestibility and digestibility, this processed protein source could be considered as an alternative to soybean meal.   

   This Research   was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of replacement of camelina meal (7, 14 and 21%) in rations and various processing methods (without processing, autoclave processing, copper sulfate processing, and autoclaving and copper sulfate) on Production performance, quality characteristics of eggs and some blood parameters of laying   hens. This research was conducted using 390 Bovans commercial laying hens at 30 weeks of age with 13 treatments, 5 replicates and 6 chickens per replicate for 56 days in a completely randomized design and a factoriel test 3×4+1. In this experiment, the effect of two factors level and processing of meal on the percentage of egg production was significant (p <0.05). so that 7% of processed meal and without processing and 14% of autoclaved and copper sulfate content produced the highest percentage of egg production، While 21% showed the lowest production. The interaction of level and processing had a significant effect on egg weight and egg mass (p <0.05) .The highest amount of egg weight and egg mass in control group and 7% replacement of camelina meal, regardless of processing, and the lowest egg weight in group 14 and 21% replacement of camelina meal, regardless of processing method were observed. The lowest amount of egg mass was observed in 21% of unprocessed camelina meal   .Different levels of the camelina meal had a significant effect on the   feed conversion rate, but the effect of processing on the   feed conversion rate was not significant (p <0.05). In fact, the lowest conversion rate was observed at 7% level of the camelina meal, and had a significant difference with levels of 14 and 21%.. Different levels of whole meal and different processing methods had a significant effect on feed intake, so that the highest feed intake was observed at 7% level and the lowest level was 21%. Also, in the untreated method, the lowest feed intake and in the processing method The autoclave had the highest feed intake. Different levels of meal had no significant effect on shell and shell thickness, yolk weight, and egg whites but had a significant effect on yolk color and different processing methods alone had a not significant effect on the shape of the index, shell thickness, and hawa color However, the interaction of two factors on egg Hao unit and egg shell weight was significant, so that the highest number   of Hao unit   was related to the 14% level without processing, and the lowest amount of   Hao unit was related to the level of 21% of autoclaved copper meal containing copper sulfate . Regarding shell weight, the highest egg shell weight was in the control group and the lowest   egg shell weight was related to the level of 21% of the untreated camelina meal. The use of different levels of meal did not have a significant effect on the level of cholesterol, glucose and total protein.   but had a significant effect on triglyceride levels, which was the highest at 7 and 14% levels, and showed the lowest levels of triglyceride at 21% level. various processing methods have a significant effect on triglyceride, glucose and total protein. The unprocessing group had the highest levels of triglyceride and autoclaved group and the copper sulfate group had the smallest amount of triglyceride.. The unprocessing group resulted in the highest glucose levels and the lowest levels of glucose in autoclaved and copper sulfate groups alone It was shown that there was no significant difference between the unprocessing group and the autoclaved group containing copper sulfate.   

  To investigate the effect of in ovo injection of carbohydrate supplementary into the albumen on the one day-old Body weight (BW), chick length, chick weight one day relative to egg weight and hatchability   in surrogate egg shell   this experiment was conducted used of 60 piece of fertile egg ROSS 308 broiler chicks (with the average weight 64±2 gr) that eggs were arranged factorially in completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 10 replication in each treatment .Maltose(M) and sucrose(S) in tow level were used in this experiment .treatment consist 1mlof   :1) control1 (without surrogate eggshell and   not injected) ,2) control2(not injected) ,3) 1.5% maltose (M) +1.5% sucrose (S), 4)1.5% M + 2.5% S,5) 2.5% M + 1.5% S,6) 2.5% M + 2.5% S in 0.75% saline .During the experiment the status of the viability and growth of the embryo chick weight. Chick weight relative to egg weight and hatchability were determined. The results showed that in ovo injection of carbohydrate supplementary increased body weight and chick weight   (p<0.05) on the first day of hatch compared to the control1 . BW and   CL   was maximized by injecting 2.5% M + 2.5% S. There were no significant effect of treatments on hatchability.Key words:   chicken embryo, hatchability, carbohydrate, chick weight one day-old

This study was carried out to determine the effect of adding Ferulago angulata on growth performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters in broiler chickens. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 6 replications and 10 broiler chicks in each replication were used. Experimental groups were consisted of 1- Basal diet without any additives (Control-), 2- Basal diet + 0.5% g/Kg Ferulago angulata, 3- Basal diet + 1% Ferulago angulata, 4- Basal diet + 1.5% Ferulago angulata. Body weight and feed intake were measured weekly and reported as 1-21 and 1-42 days. At the end of growing period, two birds were slaughtered from each replicate, and parameters related to carcass characteristics, pH of the thigh and breast meat were measured. As well as samples of thigh and breast meat stored for meat quality experiments. On day 42, blood samples were taken from two birds to measure some blood parameters. At the age of 21, chicks fed 0.05% had more weight gain than the control group and 1.5% Ferulago angulata (P?0.05).Birds fed 1 and 1.5% Ferulago angulata decreased feed intake compared to control diet (P?0.05). However, chickens receiving different levels of Ferulago angulata compared to the control group had a lower feed conversion ratio (P?0.05). At 42 days of age, weight gain and feed intake were not affected by experiment treatment (P?0.05). However, the lowest (P?0.05) feed conversion ratio was observed in the birds receiving 0.5% Ferulago angulata in comparison with control and 1% Ferulago angulata, which was not significant with 1.5%. None of the parameters related to carcass characteristics, pH of the thigh and breast meat, drop less and cooking less were not significant by experimental treatments (P?0.05). The concentration of malondialdehyde in breast meat at 90 days after slaughter was lower in diets containing 1 and 1.5% Ferulago angulata than control diet (P?0.05). Significant decrease (P<0.05) in concentration of blood triglyceride and cholesterol in diets contain levels of Ferulago angulata was observed than control. Blood glucose concentration was not affected (P?0.05). The results of the data showed that the use of Ferulago angulata powder as an additive in the level of 0.5% had a positive effect on the performance of broiler chicks, also using up to 1.5% increase perdurability and health of the meat.    Key words: performance, Ferulago angulata, carcass characteristics, malondialdehyde concentration.   

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of in ovo injections of albumen, amino acid supplementary and calcium lactate pentahydrate into the albumen on the one day-old chick weight, chick weight one day relative to egg weight and hatchability of ROSS 308 broiler chicks.A total of 63 piece of fertile egg broiler (with the average weight 64±2 gr) used the technique of surrogate shell that eggs were arranged factorially in completely randomized design with 6 treatments.In ovo injection nutrition run to two experiments. First experiment treatment consisted of 4 albumen sources with two control treatments that they are include:1. Non-injected eggs (control)2. Non-injected eggs surrogate shell (control)3. Eggs injected with 2.5ml albumen in surrogate shell4. Eggs injected with 2.5ml albumen+250 mg calcium lactate in surrogate shell5. Eggs injected with 1ml albumen in surrogate shell6. Eggs injected with 1ml albumen+250mg calcium lactate in surrogate shellNext experiment treatment consisted of amino acid source and two control treatment that they are include:1. non-injected eggs (control)2. non-injected eggs surrogate shell (control)3. Eggs injected with 2.5ml amino acid supplementary in surrogate shellDuring the experiment the status of the viability and growth of the embryo chick weight. Chick weight relative to egg weight and hatchability were determined.The results showed that in ovo injection of albumen and amino acid supplementary increased body weight (p<0.05) on the first day of hatch compared to the control. There were no significant effect of treatments on hatchability.Key words: chicken embryo

AbstractThis study was coducted to evaluate the effect of adding leaf powder of eucalyptus globulus and althaea officinalis to diet on performance, carcass traits and some blood biochemical parameters of broiler chicks. Based on a completely randomized design, a total of 200 one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross-308) was randomly alloted to 20 replicate cages (n=10). Chicks in every 5 replicate cages were fed one of the four experimental diests including: 1- control diet (without additives), 2- control diet + 0.5% eucalyptus leaf powder, 3- control diet+ 0.5% althea officinalis leaf powder and 4- control diet+ 0.5% eucalyptus leaf powder and 0.5% althaea officinalis leaf powder. On 41th day of age, one bird per each cage was randomly selected and bled to measure cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, HDL, albumin, uric acid and glucose in sera samples. The data were analyzed using GLM procedure of SAS. There was no significant effect of dietary treatments on body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (P>0/05), although numerically using eucalyptus powder and althaea officinalis caused reduce feed intake and improved feed conversion ratio (P>0/05). Reduced abdominal fat was observed in chicks fed the diet contained eucalyptus powder and the diet with both eucalyptus and althea officinalis (P>0.05). The lowest LDL levels were detected in chicks fed the eucalyptus-included diet and the highest LDL was observed in the control chicks. Simultaneous usage of eucalyptus and althaea officinalis in diet significantly reduced cholesterol and increased HDL (P<0.05). The lowest level of blood holesterol and the highest level of HDL were detected in chicks fed the diet included both eucalyptus and althea officinalis (0.5% eucalyptus and 0.5% althaea officinalis). There were no significant effect of experimental diet on serum levels of albumin, triglyceride, uric acid and glucose concentrations in chicks. (P> 0.05). In conclusion based on the results of the presdent experiment, the dietary usage of eucalyptus and althaea officinalis leaf powder had favorable effect on blood lipids with no detrimental effect on the performance and carcass traits of broiler chicks.

  AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation vitamin C and Zinc sulfate on performance, egg quality characteristics and blood parameters in laying hens reared in cold stress condition. A total of 144 laying hens (Lohman-LSL Lite 65 weeks old) was arranged in factorial experiment with 4 dietary treatment and 6 replicates per each treatment. Exprimental treatments included Two levels of vitamin C (0, 250 mg/kg) and two levels of zinc sulfate (0, 40 mg/kg). In this study, adding zinc sulfat had significant effect on FCR, EW and EM The whole period. Also Significant interactions between vitamin C and zn sulfat in first month on FCR, EW and EM were observed(P<0.05). The EM and EW increased, whereas FCR decreased (P<0.05). There were significant interactions between vitamin C and zn sulfat on the shell thickness, Haugh unit and serum level of triglycerides observed(P<0.05). heterophil to lymphocyte ratio increased in the hens fed the diets including zn sulfat compared to those fed the basal diet. In conclusion, the use of dietary supplementation vitamin C and zinc sulfat had impact on performance, quality of egg and serum metabolites in cold stress conditions. key words:Cold stress, Zinc sulfate, Vitamin C, Performance, Laying hens